Scattering of Laser Light from Mixed Micelles

Dynamic and static scattering of light was employed to investigate mixed micelles of two homologous anionic surfactants-sodium octyl sulfate and sodium hexadecyl sulfate, above the phase boundary temperature and critical micelle concentrations (cmc). The results indicate that the mixed micelles change from prolate to sphcrical as the molar ratio SOS/SHS increases from 1 to 8. Below 1 or above 8, the formation of micelles is due to one surfactant dissolving the other.     

反应磁控溅射制备TiO2和Nb2O5混合光学薄膜

利用反应磁控溅射技术在BK-7基片上制备了二氧化钛和五氧化二铌均匀混合的光学薄膜.薄膜的内部微结构、表面形貌、化学成分比例以及光学性质等用X射线衍射、高分辨扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、X射线光电子能谱和紫外可见近红外分光光度计进行研究；发现制备的薄膜为非晶结构，薄膜的表面平整、内部结构致密，不存在柱状结构或结晶颗粒的缺陷，TiO2与Nb2O5的成分比例大致是1∶1.54.从光学透射光谱计算的折射率和消光系数显示，在550 nm波长处的折射率为2.34，消光系数为2.0×10－4.结果表明制备的薄膜是TiO2和Nb2O5均匀混合的高质量光学薄膜.     

Using rank-1 lift-and-project closures to generate cuts for 0–1 MIPs, a computational investigation

Various techniques for building relaxations and generating valid inequalities for pure or mixed integer programming problems without special structure are reviewed and compared computationally. Besides classical techniques such as Gomory cuts, Mixed Integer Rounding cuts, lift-and-project and reformulation–linearization techniques, a new variant is also investigated: the use of the relaxation corresponding to the intersection of simple disjunction polyhedra (i.e. the so-called elementary closure of lift-and-project cuts). Systematic comparative computational results are reported on series of test problems including multidimensional knapsack problems (MKP) and MIPLIB test problems. From the results obtained, the relaxation based on the elementary closure of lift-and-project cuts appears to be one of the most promising.     

Sparse graph certificates for mixed connectivity

We give a short proof for the Mixed Connectivity Certificate Theorem of Even, Itkis and Rajsbaum and provide an upper bound on the edge number of a certificate of local T-mixed connectivity up to k.     

Experimental analysis, modeling, and theoretical design of McMaster pore-filled nanofiltration membranes

A side-by-side comparison of the performance of McMaster pore-filled (MacPF) and commercial nanofiltration (NF) membranes is presented here. The single-salt and multi-component performance of these membranes is studied using experimental data and using a mathematical model. The pseudo two-dimensional model is based on the extended Nernst–Planck equation, a modified Poisson–Boltzmann equation, and hydrodynamic calculations. The model includes four structural properties of the membrane: pore radius, pure water permeability, surface charge density and the ratio of effective membrane thickness to water content. The analysis demonstrates that the rejection and transport mechanisms are the same in the commercial and MacPF membranes with different contributions from each type of mechanism (convection, diffusion and electromigration). Solute rejection in NF membranes is determined primarily by a combination of steric and electrostatic effects. The selectivity of MacPF membranes is primarily determined by electrostatic effects with a significantly smaller contribution of steric effects compared to commercial membranes. Hence, these membranes have the ability to reject ions while remaining highly permeable to low molecular weight organics. Additionally, a new theoretical membrane design approach is presented. This design procedure potentially offers the optimization of NF membrane performance by tailoring the membrane structure and operating variables to the specific process, simultaneously. The procedure is validated at the laboratory scale.     

An Application of Branch and Cut to Open Pit Mine Scheduling

The economic viability of the modern day mine is highly dependent upon careful planning and management. Declining trends in average ore grades, increasing mining costs and environmental considerations will ensure that this situation will remain in the foreseeable future. The operation and management of a large open pit mine having a life of several years is an enormous and complex task. Though a number of optimization techniques have been successfully applied to resolve some important problems, the problem of determining an optimal production schedule over the life of the deposit is still very much unresolved. In this paper we will critically examine the techniques that are being used in the mining industry for production scheduling indicating their limitations. In addition, we present a mixed integer linear programming model for the scheduling problems along with a Branch and Cut solution strategy. Computational results for practical sized problems are discussed.     

Luminescence and lifetime characteristics of microphases in KCl:KI:Pb mixed crystals

Absorption and luminiscence measurements were performed on lead-doped KCl:KI mixed single crystals. Strong differences were found between as-grown and quenched samples. New bands were observed in the absorption spectra of unquenched samples in the spectral region between the limit positions of the A bands, corresponding to chloride or iodide lattices. The strong band at 449 nm dominates the luminescence of these samples at low temperatures. Its kinetics have a complicated form and the decay time is in the interval from ns to ms. Quenched samples have a well-known luminescence spectrum caused by octahedral lead impurity centres in KCl single crystals. The kinetics, however, also indicate mixed chlorine and iodine coordination of lead in the investigated crystals.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Two-dimensional Framework Materials Constructed from Polyoxometalate and Coordination Groups: [H_2Mo_(5.5)V_(10.5)O_(40)(PO_4)][Cu(en)_2]_4·7H_2O

IntroductionPolyoxometalatesarewidelystudiedfortheirin terestingapplicationsincatalysis ,electronicconduc tivity ,magnetism ,nonlinearopticsandmedicine[1— 4 ] .Whilethemechanismofthesynthesisofpolyoxometalatesremainselusiveandisoftende scribedasself assembly ,thereseemstobeanincreas inguseofthecombinationofthehydrothermalmethodandthestructure directingtemplate .There searchwiththismethodhasdemonstratedthatanum beroftransitionmetaloxides ,typicallyreducedmolybdenumoxides ,mixedvalancevanadiumo…     

On General Mixed Quasivariational Inequalities

In this paper, we suggest and analyze several iterative methods for solving general mixed quasivariational inequalities by using the technique of updating the solution and the auxiliary principle. It is shown that the convergence of these methods requires either the pseudomonotonicity or the partially relaxed strong monotonicity of the operator. Proofs of convergence is very simple. Our new methods differ from the existing methods for solving various classes of variational inequalities and related optimization problems. Various special cases are also discussed.     

Combination of mixed finite element and Dirichlet-to-Neumann methods in nonlinear plane elasticity

We study the solvability and Galerkin approximation of an exterior hyperelastic interface problem arising in plane elasticity. The weak formulation is obtained from an appropriate combination of a mixed finite element approach with a Dirichlet-to-Neumann method. The derivation of our results is based on some tools from nonlinear functional analysis and the Babuska-Brezzi theory for variational problems with constraints.